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Elastomere Friction - Theory, Experiment and Simulation
von: Dieter Besdo, Bodo Heimann, Manfred Klüppel, Matthias Kröger, Peter Wriggers, Udo Nackenhorst
Springer-Verlag, 2010
ISBN: 9783642106576 , 250 Seiten
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen
Preis: 149,79 EUR
Preface
6
Contents
8
Modelling of Dry and Wet Friction of Silica Filled Elastomers on Self-Affine Road Surfaces
9
Introduction
9
Theory
10
Analysis of Self-Affine Surfaces
10
Hysteresis Friction Simulation
12
Adhesion Friction Fitting
13
Experimental Methods and Proceedings
14
Surface Properties
14
Material Preparation and Properties
16
Friction Experiments and Simulations
16
Results and Discussion
17
Viscoelastic Properties
17
Friction Measurements
24
Adapting Friction Simulation to Wet and Dry Measurements
25
Contact Simulations
27
Conclusions
32
References
33
Micromechanics of Internal Friction of Filler Reinforced Elastomers
35
Introduction
35
Experimental
38
Sample Preparation
38
Multihysteresis Measurements
39
Theory
40
Stress Softening and Hysteresis
42
Hydrodynamic Strain Amplification
44
Constance of Volume
45
Dependence on Temperature
47
Results and Discussion
48
Uniaxial Compression-Tension Test of Unfilled Rubber
48
Adaptation of the Model for Various Filled Rubbers in Tension
48
CB-Filled Rubber in Combined Compression-Tension Test
51
CB-Filled Rubber at Varied Particle Size and Temperature
53
Finite-Element (FE) Simulation of a Rolling GROSCH Wheel
56
Conclusions
58
References
59
Multi-scale Approach for Frictional Contact of Elastomers on Rough Rigid Surfaces
61
Introduction
61
Multiscale Approach
64
Formulation of the Multi-scale Approach
65
Constitutive Model for Elastomers
68
Rough Surface Description
70
Sine Wave
71
Application of the Approximation to a Rough Surface
73
Contact
76
Contact Kinematics and Interface Constraints
76
Numerical Results
79
System and Loading
80
Results on Microscale
81
Meso- and Macroscopic Results
84
True Contact Area
86
Adhesion
90
FEM
91
Adhesion Parameters
93
Numerical Results
94
ThermalEffects
96
Basic Equations
96
Friction Test
98
Conclusions
100
References
100
Thermal Effects and Dissipation in a Model of Rubber Phenomenology
103
Introduction
103
The Standard Rubber Model MORPH
104
Implementation of Thermal Effects
106
Experimental Data for Thermal Effects in Six Rubber Compounds
106
Programs for Simulating Experiments and Identifying All Material Constants
108
Results for Thermal Effects in MORPH Model
110
Reversible Energy and Irreversible Dissipation
117
Large and Small Tensional Cycles
118
Derivation of an Energy Density for Additional Stresses
119
Simulations with New Energy Density
123
Discussion
127
Conclusion
128
References
129
Finite Element Techniques for Rolling Rubber Wheels
130
Introduction
130
Relative Kinematic Framework for Rolling Contact
132
Constitutive Modelling of Rubber
134
Continuum Mechanics Damage Model
137
Pseudo-Elastic Damage Model
138
Treatment of Inelastic Behavior within the ALE Description of Rolling
141
The Fractional-Step Strategy
141
Numerical Methods for Advection Dominated Problems
142
Comparison of Numerical Advection Schemes
146
Numerical Benchmark
149
Treatment of Friction within the ALE Formulation of Rolling Bodies
152
Numerical Examples
158
Grosch Wheel
159
Tire Model
163
Remark to the Computational Effort
165
Summery and Conclusions
166
References
168
Simulation and Experimental Investigations of the Dynamic Interaction between Tyre Tread Block and Road
171
Introduction
171
Modular Tread Block Model
172
Module 1: Dynamic Tread Block Description
174
Module 2: Local Friction Characteristic
178
Module 3: Non-linear Contact Stiffness
180
Module 4: Wear
184
Parameter Identification
185
Identification of Elasticity Modulus and Damping Coefficient
185
Identification of Density
188
Optimisation of Number of Modes
188
Identification of Local Friction Characteristic
189
Identification of Non-linear Contact Stiffness
191
Identification of Wear Coefficients
192
Simulations
193
Stationary Tread Block Behaviour
194
Influence of Wear
195
Dynamic Tread Block Behaviour
196
Comparison with Experiment
198
Rolling Contact
199
Conclusion
203
References
204
Micro Texture Characterization and Prognosis of the Maximum Traction between Grosch Wheel and Asphalt Surfaces under Wet Conditions
207
Introduction
207
Mechanisms of Rubber Friction
209
Maximum Traction under Wet Conditions
209
Advantage of the Grosch Wheel
210
Experimental Investigation of the Process
211
Reproducibility of the Friction Measurement
212
Influence of Wheel Load
214
Influence of Speed and Temperature
216
Influence of Rubber Compound
219
Pavement Roughness Grip and Grip Index
220
The Grip Index
220
Characterization of the Pavement Micro Texture
221
Contact Depth Model
222
Correlation between the Grip Index and Contact Depth Model Descriptors
223
Conclusion
225
References
226
Experimental and Theoretical Investigations on the Dynamic Contact Behavior of Rolling Rubber Wheels
227
Introduction
227
Measurements
228
Moving Test Rig
229
Steady Measurements
230
Unsteady Measurements
232
Rolling Contact Model
235
Efficient Structure Modeling
236
Simulation
241
Identification of Parameters
242
Results and Validations
245
Steady Results
245
Unsteady Results
249
Conclusions
253
References
254
Author Index
256
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