Product-Focused Software Process Improvement - 10th International Conference, PROFES 2009, Oulu, Finland, June 15-17, 2009, Proceedings

Preface

Organization

Table of Contents

The Consumer Juggernaut: Web-Based and Mobile Applications as Innovation Pioneer

Introduction

The Opportunity

The Cutting Edge of Consumer Software

Capturing Innovations in Functionality

Capturing Other Benefits

Conclusions

References

Software “Best” Practices: Agile Deconstructed

Introduction

The Practice of Software Engineering

“Best” Practices

Learning – An Iterative Process

Observations

References

Key Questions in Building Defect Prediction Models in Practice

Introduction

Project Background

Defect Prediction Approach

Discussion of Key Questions and Decisions

Overview of Defect Prediction Results

Summary and Further Work

References

Investigating the Impact of Software Requirements Specification Quality on Project Success

Introduction

Requirements Quality in Literature

Study Goals

Project Settings

Hypotheses

Conduction and Findings

Strategy of Measurement

Results and Discussion

Comparison to Related Studies

Evaluation of Validity

Construction Validity

Conclusion Validity

Internal Validity

External Validity

Discussion of Repeatability

Conclusion and Outlook

References

Prediction of Software Quality Model Using Gene Expression Programming

Introduction

An Overview of Gene Expression Programming

Converting Expression Tree into k-Expression

Genes

Chromosomes

GEP Process

Research Background

Dependent and Independent Variables

Empirical Data Collection

Research Methodology

Descriptive Statistics and Outlier Analysis

Correlation among Metrics

Evaluating the Performance of the Models

Analysis Results

Descriptive Statistics

Gene Expression Programming (GEP) Results

Software Quality Metric Definition and Validation

Application of the FF Metric

Conclusion

References

Method for Software Cost Estimating Using Scope Champions

Introduction and Problem Statement

The Method of Scope Champions

Formal Proof of the Method

Practical Example of the Method Application

Lessons Learned

Threats to Validity

Conclusion

References

A Measurement Framework for Team Level Assessment of Innovation Capability in Early Requirements Engineering

Introduction

Research Approach

Case Company

Research Methodology

Validity Discussion

Results

Discussion of Some General Findings from Interviews

The MINT Framework

Validation within the Case

Comparison with Parallel Case

Related Work

Conclusion

References

Why a CMMI Level 5 Company Fails to Meet the Deadlines?

Introduction

Case Study

Methodology

Case Organization Description

Case Project Description

Project Management

Findings and Discussion

Effort Underestimation

Unforeseen Effects of the Corrective Actions

Conclusions

References

Towards Multi-Method Research Approach in Empirical Software Engineering

Introduction

Motivation for the Use of Empirical Methods in Software Engineering

Basic Terminology of the Software Engineering Experimentation

Quantitative Aspect of the Experimentation

Software Experiment Replication

ReportingExperiments

Multi-Method Research Approach

Conclusions

References

The Role of Empirical Evidence for Transferring a New Technology to Industry

Introduction

Related Literature

Technology Transfer Process

Knowledge Creation and Flow

Importance of Evidence

Empirical Studies for Transferring Multiview Framework

From Current Practice to Technology/Methodology Creation

From Technology/Methodology Creation to Initial Industrial Trial

From Initial Industrial Trial to Wider Application and Refinement

Conclusions

References

Towards a Framework for Using Agile Approaches in Global Software Development

Introduction

Research Background

Our Research

Conceptual Framework

Development Process

Framework Usage

Framework Components

Research Methodology and Case Study

Case Description

Discussion

Case Study Limitations

Conclusions and Future Research

References

Value Creation by Agile Projects: Methodology or Mystery?

Introduction

Background and Motivation

Agile Software Development

Related Work

The Concept of Business Value

The Research Method

Results

Definitions of Business Value

Comparison of the Concepts

Perspectives to Consider When Thinking of Business Value

Conceptual Categories Helping Understand Business Value

Summary of Results and Implications

Limitations

Comparing Our Findings to Previously Published Related Work

Conclusions and Future Work

References

Decision Support for Iteration Scheduling in Agile Environments

Introduction

Background

Release Planning

Iteration and Daily Planning

Decision Support in Iteration Scheduling

Conceptual Model of Agile Planning

Mapping Iteration Scheduling to RCPSP

Formulating RCPSP Model

Solving Iteration Scheduling

Tool Support

Experiments

Research Questions

Context and Methodology

Data Collection and Results

Analysis

Discussion

Conclusions

References

Some Findings Concerning Requirements in {\it Agile} Methodologies

Introduction

Background and Related Work

Case Study: From TOPENprimer to TOPENbiogas

The Evolution Product Description

The {\it Agile} Development Process Description

Some New and Dropped Features

Identified Issues in the Case Study

Requirements Elicitation

Crosscutting Requirements

Derived Requirements

Granularity

Customer Needs Documentation in Form of Stories

Discussion

User Stories Interaction

A Way to Review Stages

Managing Non-functional Needs

Conclusions and Future Work

References

An Exploratory Investigation on Refactoring in Industrial Context

Introduction

Preliminary Conceptual Framework

Stage 1: Decision for Refactoring

Stage 2: Refactoring Process

Stage 3: Refactoring Results

Empirical Methodology

Who Can Be the Interview Subjects?

Interviews

Final Framework and Results

Changes to the Preliminary Framework

Relationships in the Final Framework

The Importance of Each Factors

Disscussions

The Implications of the Factors’ Importance

Are the Factors and Framework Fundamental?

Are the Factors and Framework General?

Summary

Concluding Remarks

References

Absorbing Software Testing into the Scrum Method

Introduction

Research Setting

The Company and Software Under Study

How the Research Was Conducted

Absorbing Software Testing into the Scrum Method

Core Characteristics of the Scrum Method

Starting Point

First Iteration: Introducing Exploratory Testing

Second Iteration: Looking for Appropriate Team Structure

Third Iteration: Coordinating Testing Tasks

Discussion and Conclusions

References

Learning and Organizational Change in SPI Initiatives

Introduction

Learning Organizations

Creativity and Chaos

The Change Process

Organizations in Change

Software Process Management in Changing Learning Organizations

Management

Learning

Conclusions

References

The Role of Different Approaches in Inspection Process Improvement

Introduction

Improvement Process

Reference Models for Inspection Process Improvement

Problem Based Approach

Inspection Patterns

Effectiveness Factors

Conclusions

References

Scenario-Based Assessment of Process Pattern Languages

Introduction

Quality in Software Engineering

The Q-PAM Method

Method Overview

Creating Quality Profile

Constructing Scenarios

Analysis

Case Studies

Assessing a Pattern Language for Knowledge Sharing in Software Development

Assessing a Pattern Language for Global Software Development

Concluding Remarks

References

Towards a Systematic Metric Based Approach to Evaluate SCAMPI Appraisals

Introduction

Modeling the Appraisal Process

Appraisal Meta Model

Instantiating the Meta Model

Appraisal Quality Metrics

Metric Design

Goals and Requirements

Quality Metric for Activities

Quality of Appraisal Phases

Metric Interpretation

Experience and Validation

Conclusions

References

A New Way to Organize DFX in a Large Organization

Introduction

Research Process

Requirements Engineering Flow

Requirements Engineering Flow in the DFX Context

DFX Management in the Case Company

DMPD within Operations

DMPD Organization

Discussion

Conclusions

References

The Tool Coverage of Software Process Improvement Frameworks for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises

Introduction

Difficulties of SPI Implementation in Small Settings

Discussion of SME-Specific SPI Frameworks

General Properties

Reference Model

Modeling Approach

Assessment Methodology

Improvement Methodology

Automation Support

Conclusion

References

Improving the Product Documentation Process of a Small Software Company

Introduction

Research Problem

TheTargetCompany

The Documentation Process

Creating the Documentation Process

The Documentation Process Template

The Improved Documentation Process

Discussion

Conclusion

References

Lessons Learnt from the Improvement of Customer Support Processes: A Case Study on Incident Management

Introduction

Our Contribution

Research Methods

The Case Organization and Data Collection Methods

Data Analysis Method

Lessons Learnt from Establishing an Incident Management Process

Goals for the Process Improvement

Process Improvement Meeting I: Concepts and Terminology

Process Improvement Meeting II: Roles and Responsibilities

Process Improvement Meeting III: Process Activities

Requirement Specification Meetings for the Incident Management Tool

Process Improvement Meetings IV, V and VI: A Process Diagram

Analysis

Discussion and Conclusions

References

A Decision Model for Supporting Task Allocation Processes in Global Software Development

Motivation

Related Work

The Decision Model

Terminology and Model Goals

Empirical Identification of Criteria and Causal Relations

Model Overview

Example

Limitations and Validity of the Model

Conclusion and Future Work

References

Software Process Improvement: Supporting the Linking of the Software and the Business Strategies

Introduction

Business Strategy

Software Process Improvement

Process “Evaluation and Improvement of the Process Assets”

The Experience of Use

Execution of the Subprocess 1: Identifying Improvement Opportunities

Execution of the Subprocess 4: Concluding the Improvement Cycle

Conclusion

References

Integrating Value and Utility Concepts into a Value Decomposition Model for Value-Based Software Engineering

Introduction

Concept of Value in Software Business Research

Values of Utility-Seeking Customers

Values of Profit-Seeking Firms

Three Perspectives on Software as Technology

Software Artifacts

Software Designs

Software Knowledge

Synthesizing the Two Perspectives into a Value Decomposition Matrix

References

On Business-Driven IT Security Management and Mismatches between Security Requirements in Firms, Industry Standards and Research Work

Introduction

Terminology

Objectives

Related Work

Transition towards Business Driven Security Management

Misalignment between Industry Requirements, Standards and Academic Research

Interviews with Industry Practitioners

Methodology

Managerial Versus Operational View of Security

Importance of Security Factors

Who Drives Security Investments?

Conclusion

References

The Waterfall Model in Large-Scale Development

Introduction

Related Work

The Waterfall Model at the Company

Case Study Design

Research Questions

Case Selection and Units of Analysis

Data Collection Procedures

Data Analysis Approach

Threats to Validity

Qualitative Data Analysis

A Issues

B Issues

C Issues

D Issues

Quantitative Data Analysis

Comparative Analysis of Case Study and SotA

Conclusion

References

Towards a Better Understanding of CMMI and Agile Integration - Multiple Case Study of Four Companies

Introduction

Background

CMMI

AGILE Software Development

Research Design

Empirical Analysis

Background of the Cases

Implementation of the Assessments

Assessment Results

Deployment of the Improvements

Conclusions

References

ERP System Implementation: An Oil and Gas Exploration Sector Perspective

Introduction

Literature Review

Case Study

Background of the Company

IT Setup

Weaknesses of IT Applications

ERP Implementation

Lessons Learned and Discussions

Conclusions

References

11th International Workshop on Learning Software Organizations (LSO 2009) New Media in Transfer and Innovation

Introduction

Topics of Interest

Workshop Chairs

LSO2009 Program Committee

LSO Workshop History

A Half-Day Workshop on “Smarter Investment by Aligning SPI Initiatives, Capabilities and Stakeholder Values”

Introduction

References

Business Alignment: Measurement-Based Alignment of Software Strategies and Business Goals

Summary

References

Customer Communication Challenges and Solutions in Globally Distributed Agile Software Development

Summary of the Tutorial

Audience of the Tutorial

How the Tutorial will be Structured and Run?

Biographies

History of the Tutorial

References

Tutorial: Case Studies in Software Engineering

Introduction

Content

References

Author Index