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Wireless Networking Complete
von: Pei Zheng, Larry L. Peterson, Bruce S. Davie
Elsevier Trade Monographs, 2009
ISBN: 9780123785701 , 444 Seiten
Format: PDF, ePUB, OL
Kopierschutz: DRM
Preis: 65,95 EUR
Front Cover
1
Wireless Networking Complete
6
Copyright Page
7
Contents
8
About This Book
16
About the Authors
18
Chapter 1 Supporting Wireless Technologies
22
1.1. The Frequency Spectrum
22
1.1.1 Public Media Broadcasting
25
1.1.2 Cellular Communication
25
1.1.3 Wireless Data Communication
26
1.1.4 Other Fixed or Mobile Wireless Communications
27
1.2. Wireless Communication Primer
27
1.2.1 Signal Propagation
27
1.2.2 Modulation
30
1.2.3 Multiplexing
32
1.3. Spread Spectrum
33
1.3.1 Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum
34
1.3.2 Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum
34
1.3.3 Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
35
1.4. Global System for Mobile and General Packet Radio Service
36
1.4.1 Global System for Mobile
36
1.4.2 General Packet Radio Service
41
1.5. Code-Division Multiple Access
45
1.5.1 Code-Division Multiple Access Concept
45
1.5.2 IS-95
46
1.5.3 Software Handoff
47
1.5.4 Road to 4G
48
1.6. GSM Versus CDMA
49
1.7. 3G Cellular Systems
50
1.7.1. UMTS/WCDMA Versus cdma2000
51
1.7.2. UMTS/WCDMA
51
1.7.3. cdma2000
52
1.7.4. 4G Cellular Systems
54
1.8. 2G Mobile Wireless Services
55
1.8.1 WAP and iMode
55
1.8.2 Short Message Service
56
1.9. Wireless Technologies Landscape
57
1.10. 802.11 Wireless LANs
58
1.10.1 Architecture and Protocols
59
1.10.2 Frame Format
62
1.10.3 Beacon Frame
64
1.10.4 Roaming in a Wireless LAN
64
1.10.5 IEEE 802.11 Family
66
1.10.6 Security in Wireless LANs
68
1.11. Bluetooth
68
1.11.1 Architecture and Protocols
68
1.11.2 Bluetooth Overview
68
1.11.3 Bluetooth Architecture
69
1.11.4 Radio and Baseband
70
1.11.5 L2CAP and Frame Format
72
1.11.6 RFCOMM
73
1.11.7 SDP
73
1.11.8 Bluetooth Evolution
74
1.12. Ultra-Wideband
74
1.12.1 UWB Standards
76
1.12.2 UWB Applications
76
1.13. Radio-Frequency Identification
77
1.13.1 RFID System
77
1.13.2 RFID Applications
79
1.14. Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
81
1.14.1 Wireless Broadband: IEEE 802.16
82
1.14.2 WiMax
83
1.15. Satellite
85
1.15.1 Satellite Communication
85
1.15.2 Satellite Systems
85
1.16. Wireless Sensor Networks
86
1.16.1 WSN Applications
87
1.16.2 Wireless Sensor Node
88
1.16.3 Self-Organized Networks
89
1.16.4 ZigBee
90
1.17. Standardization in the Wireless World
91
1.17.1 Cellular Standard Groups
92
1.17.2 IEEE Standards
92
1.17.3 Standards War
94
1.18. Summary
94
Further Reading
95
Chapter 2 Wireless Networks
98
2.1 Bluetooth (802.15.1)
100
2.2 Wi-Fi (802.11)
102
2.2.1 Physical Properties
102
2.2.2 Collision Avoidance
103
2.2.3 Distribution System
104
2.2.4 Frame Format
106
2.3 WiMAX (802.16)
107
2.4 Cell Phone Technologies
108
Further Reading
111
Chapter 3 An Overview of Wireless Systems
114
3.1 Introduction
114
3.2 First- and Second-Generation Cellular Systems
115
3.3 Cellular Communications from 1G to 3G
118
3.4 Road Map for Higher Data Rate Capability in 3G
121
3.5 Wireless 4G Systems
124
3.6 Future Wireless Networks
127
3.7 Standardization Activities for Cellular Systems
128
3.8 Summary
130
Problems
130
References
130
Chapter 4 Wireless Application Protocol
132
4.1 Introduction
132
4.2 WAP and the World Wide Web (WWW)
132
4.3 Introduction to Wireless Application Protocol
133
4.4 The WAP Programming Model
134
4.4.1 The WWW Model
135
4.4.2 The WAP Model
135
4.5 WAP Architecture
137
4.5.1 Wireless Application Environment
138
4.5.2 Wireless Telephony Application
139
4.5.3 Wireless Session Protocol
140
4.5.4 Wireless Transaction Protocol
141
4.5.5 Wireless Transport Layer Security
142
4.5.6 Wireless Datagram Protocol
142
4.5.7 Optimal WAP Bearers
143
4.6 Traditional WAP Networking Environment
144
4.7 WAP Advantages and Disadvantages
145
4.8 Applications of WAP
147
4.9 imode
148
4.10 imode Versus WAP
149
4.11 Summary
150
Problems
150
References
151
Chapter 5 Wireless Local Area Networks
152
5.1 Introduction
152
5.2 WLAN Equipment
155
5.3 WLAN Topologies
156
5.4 WLAN Technologies
157
5.4.1 IR Technology
157
5.4.2 UHF Narrowband Technology
158
5.4.3 Spread Spectrum Technology
159
5.5 IEEE 802.11 WLAN
160
5.5.1. IEEE 802.11 Architecture
160
5.5.2. 802.11 Physical Layer (PHY)
162
5.5.3. IEEE 802.11 Data Link Layer
174
5.5.4. IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control
174
5.5.5. IEEE 802.11 MAC Sublayer
180
5.6 Joining an Existing Basic Service Set
182
5.7 Security of IEEE 802.11 Systems
184
5.8 Power Management
185
5.9 IEEE 802.11b—High-Rate DSSS
185
5.10 IEEE 802.11n
186
5.11 Other WLAN Standards
189
5.11.1 HIPERLAN Family of Standards
189
5.11.2 Multimedia Access Communication—High-Speed Wireless Access Network
194
5.12 Performance of a Bluetooth Piconet in the Presence of IEEE 802.11 WLANs
196
5.12.1 Packet Error Rate (PER) from N Neighboring Bluetooth Piconets
197
5.12.2 PER from M Neighboring IEEE 802.11 WLANs
198
5.12.3 Aggregated Throughput
198
5.13 Interference Between Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11
199
5.14 IEEE 802.16
202
5.15 World Interoperability for MicroAccess, Inc. (WiMAX)
204
5.15.1 WiMAX PHY
207
5.15.2 WiMAX Media Access Control (MAC)
208
5.15.3 Spectrum Allocation for WiMAX
209
5.16 Summary
210
Problems
210
References
212
Chapter 6 Fourth-Generation Systems and New Wireless Technologies
214
6.1. Introduction
214
6.2. 4G Vision
216
6.3. 4G Features and Challenges
216
6.4. Applications of 4G
218
6.5. 4G Technologies
221
6.5.1 Multicarrier Modulation
221
6.5.2 Smart Antenna Techniques
222
6.5.3 OFDM–MIMO Systems
226
6.5.4 Adaptive Modulation and Coding with Time-Slot Scheduler
226
6.5.5 Bell Labs Layered Space Time (BLAST) System
227
6.5.6 Software-Defined Radio
230
6.5.7 Cognitive Radio
232
6.6. Summary
233
Problems
233
References
234
Chapter 7 Mesh Networks: Optimal Routing and Scheduling
236
7.1 Overview
236
7.2 Network Topology and Link Activation Constraints
237
7.2.1 Link Activation Constraints
237
7.3 Link Scheduling and Schedulable Region
240
7.3.1 Stability of Queues
243
7.3.2 Link Flows and Link Stability Region
247
7.4 Routing and Scheduling a Given Flow Vector
250
7.5 Discussion
256
7.6 Maximum Weight Scheduling
257
7.6.1 Multicommodity Flow Criteria
259
7.6.2 Lyapunov Stability of a Network of Queues
259
7.6.3 The Algorithm and Its Analysis
260
7.6.4 Discussion
266
7.7 Routing and Scheduling for Elastic Traffic
266
7.7.1 Fair Allocation for Single Hop Flows
270
7.7.2 Fair Allocation for Multihop Flows
273
7.8 Discussion
278
7.9 Notes on the Literature
280
Problems
281
References
282
Chapter 8 Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks
284
8.1 Overview
286
8.2 Communication Coverage
286
8.3 Discussion
287
8.4 Sensing Coverage
288
8.5 Discussion
294
8.6 Localization
295
8.6.1 Convex Position Estimation
297
8.7 Discussion
300
8.7.1 Routing
300
8.7.2 Attribute-Based Routing
305
8.8 Function Computation
307
8.9 Discussion
314
8.10 Scheduling
315
8.10.1 S-MAC
316
8.10.2 IEEE 802.15.4 (Zigbee)
318
8.11 Notes on the Literature
319
Problems
320
References
321
Chapter 9 Sensor Network Platforms and Tools
324
9.1 Sensor Node Hardware
325
9.1.1 Berkeley Motes
326
9.2 Sensor Network Programming Challenges
328
9.3 Node-Level Software Platforms
330
9.3.1 Operating System: TinyOS
331
9.3.2 Imperative Language: nesC
334
9.3.3 Dataflow-Style Language: TinyGALS
340
9.4 Node-Level Simulators
345
9.4.1 The ns-2 Simulator and Its Sensor Network Extensions
347
9.4.2 The Simulator TOSSIM
348
9.5 Programming Beyond Individual Nodes: State-Centric Programming
349
9.5.1 Collaboration Groups
350
9.5.2 PIECES: A State-Centric Design Framework
353
9.5.3 Multitarget Tracking Problem Revisited
356
9.6 Summary
361
References
361
Chapter 10 Mobile IP
366
10.1 The Requirements of Mobile IP
366
10.2 Extending the Protocols
368
10.3 Reverse Tunneling
370
10.4 Security Concerns
372
Further Reading
372
Chapter 11 Mobile IPv6
374
11.1 Introduction
374
11.2 Mobile IPv6 Overview
375
11.2.1 Types of Nodes
376
11.2.2 Basic Operation of Mobile IPv6
377
11.3 Header Extension
381
11.3.1 Alignment Requirements
382
11.3.2 Home Address Option
382
11.3.3 Type 2 Routing Header
383
11.3.4 Mobility Header
385
11.3.5 Mobility Options
393
11.3.6 Neighbor Discovery Messages
396
11.3.7 ICMPv6 Messages
398
11.4 Procedure of Mobile IPv6
402
11.4.1 Protocol Constants and Variables
402
11.4.2 Home Registration
402
11.4.3 Bi-Directional Tunneling
406
11.4.4 Intercepting Packets for a Mobile Node
408
11.4.5 Returning Home
408
11.5 Route Optimization
411
11.5.1 Return Routability
412
11.5.2 Sending Initial Messages
412
11.5.3 Responding to Initial Messages
413
11.5.4 Computing a Shared Secret
415
11.5.5 Verifying Message
416
11.5.6 Security Considerations
417
11.5.7 De-Register Binding for Correspondent Nodes
418
11.5.8 Backward Compatibility
418
11.6 Movement Detection
420
11.7 Dynamic Home Agent Address Discovery
420
11.8 Mobile Prefix Solicitation/Advertisement
421
11.9 Relationship with IPsec
425
References
427
Chapter 12 Security and Survivability of Wireless Systems
428
12.1 Introduction
428
12.2 Background
429
12.3 Current Security Approaches in Wireless Networks
432
12.4 Current Survivability Approaches in Wireless Networks
433
12.5 Framework for Wireless Network Survivability and Security
434
12.6 Interaction Between Survivability and Security in Wireless Networks
438
12.6.1 Extending the Framework to Include Interactions Between Security and Survivability
439
12.6.2 Case Study I: Idle Handoffs
442
12.6.3 Case Study II: Key Management in Heterogeneous Sensor Networks
443
12.7 Conclusion
450
References
451
Index
454
A
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B
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C
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D
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E
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F
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G
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H
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I
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J
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K
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L
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M
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N
461
O
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P
461
Q
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R
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S
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T
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U
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V
464
W
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X
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Z
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