Humanizing Digital Reality - Design Modelling Symposium Paris 2017

Foreword

Acknowledgements

Design Modelling Symposium Paris, 16/09–20/09/2017

Introduction

Contents

Contributors

Material Practice

Computational Material Cultures

Design Computation: Material Integration

Design Agency: Materiality and Materialisation

Emerging Material Culture

References

Structural Innovation

Make Complex Structures Affordable

Think Mechanics of Material

Constructibility Is Mathematics

How May Digital and Robot Help?

Innovative 3D Printing Cartography

“ {\varvec x}_{0}^{1} {\varvec x}_{{\varvec e}}^{1} e2a4s3”, an Innovative Insulated Printed Wall

Smart Mason Robots

Conclusion

References

Data Farming

Data Morphogenesis

Introduction

Data Data Data

Filter Data

Strategies of Taking Control

Capture Data

Merge Data

From Chaos to Information

Interpret Information

Interacting with Information

Set Some Rules

Bend the Rules

Conclusion

Mutually Assured Construction

References

Seven Short Reflections on Cities, Data, Economy and Politics

Essay Number 1: The City of Cities

Essay Number 2: Monocultivation

Essay Number 3: The New Capitalism Is Data Driven… Digital and Totalitarian

Essay Number 4: The Paradoxical Now

Essay Number 5: Is this Going to Change?

Essay Number 6: The Big Questions

Essay Number 7: The Future Is Already Here

Data Shaping Cities

What Big Data Tell Us About Trees and the Sky in the Cities

References

Urban Sensing: Toward a New Form of Collective Consciousness?

Traditional Planning and the Purification of the Sensory Experience

Rich, Diverse, and Common Sensory Experience as a Project

Toward the Sentient City

References

Thermodynamic Practice

On the Nature of Thermodynamic Models in Architecture and Climate

So, What Is a Good Model?

The Tool(s) Versus The Toolkit

“Do One Thing and Do It Well”

Build Interoperability with Other Tools

Use Standardized Open Formats for Data Transfer

Modularize the Tool

Make It Easy to Start but Impossible to Master

References

Capturing the Dynamics of Air in Design

Scientific Contributions

Stone Morphologies: Erosion-Based Digital Fabrication Through Event-Driven Control

Abstract

Introduction

Indeterminate Fabrication Processes

Numerical Control and Human Machine Interaction (HMI)

Project Context and Technological Diffusion

Erosion-Based Formation Processes

Material Characteristics

Erosion Characteristics

Machine Augmentation, Event-Driven Control and Fabrication Interactivity

Non-linear Numerical Control and Material Heterogeneity

Machine Augmentation

Machine Control to Cognitive Strategy

Prototype Fabrication

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Designing Grid Structures Using Asymptotic Curve Networks

Abstract

Introduction

Fundamentals

Geometry

Construction

Design Method

Design Implementation

Construction

Results

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

The Grand Hall of the Elbphilharmonie Hamburg: Development of Parametric and Digital Fabrication Tools in Architectural and Acoustical Design

Abstract

Sound Diffusion

Parametric Surface Generation

Digital Fabrication

Evaluation

Acknowledgements

References

Bloomberg Ramp: Collaborative Workflows, Sharing Data and Design Logics

Abstract

Introduction and Context

Sharing One Parametric Model

Geometry Method Statement

Utilising VR in Design of Ramp

Design to Fabrication

Laser Scanning As-Built Steelwork

From Point Cloud to Watertight Solid Model

Reconfiguring the Set Out of the Cladding Panels

Setting Out Panels

Conclusion

References

Nature-Based Hybrid Computational Geometry System for Optimizing Component Structure

Abstract

Introduction

The Design Problem

Designing for Complexity

Evolving Design

Literature Review

Methodology

Design Model

Model Evaluation

Model Optimization

After Optimization

Conclusions

References

Enabling Inference in Performance-Driven Design Exploration

Abstract

Introduction

A Probabilistic Representation to Enable Inference

Background on Probability

Bayesian Probability

Bayesian Inference

Bayesian Networks to Handle Inference in Complex Domains

Background on Bayesian Networks

Performing Inference to Identify a Meaningful Design Space

Conclusion

References

Aspects of Sound as Design Driver: Parametric Design of an Acoustic Ceiling

Abstract

Introduction

Sound as Design Driver—Experimentation, Interpretation, Simulation

Digital Acoustic Simulation in Early Design Stages

Patches of Experimentation and Designerly Interpretation of Sound Phenomena

Digital Acoustic Simulation for Evaluating Variations and Validating the Design Intervention

Parametric Acoustic Ceiling—Final Design and Realization

Project Context

Design Concept

Modelling and Fabrication Strategies

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

La Seine Musicale

Abstract

Input

Preliminary Modeling

Beam Segmentation

Blanks

Detailing

Assembly

Fabrication and Pre-assembly

Future Challenges

Conclusion

References

The Design Implications of Form-Finding with Dynamic Topologies

Abstract

Introduction

Background

Physically-Based Modelling Techniques for Computational Form-Finding

Related Work

Topology-Driven Form-Finding of BATH Structures

Data-Structure Design

Discretisation

Interactivity

Decision-Making

Conclusion and Future Work

References

City Gaming and Participation

Abstract

Research Framework

Background

Scope and Limitations

Case Study A: BDD Chawls, Mumbai, India

Methodology and Data Collection

Conclusions of Case Study A

Case Study B: Poble Nou Superblock Pilot, Barcelona, Spain

Methodology, Data Collection and Data Process

Data Collection and Visualization Platform

Conclusions of Case Study B

Limitations

Conclusions

References

The Potential of Shape Memory Alloys in Deployable Systems—A Design and Experimental Approach

Abstract

Introduction

Shape Memory Alloys

Integration into Morphing Structures

Prototyping

A Bilayer-Type Actuator

A Buckling Actuator

A Torsional Buckling Actuator

Facade Integration

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

A Multi-scalar Approach for the Modelling and Fabrication of Free-Form Glue-Laminated Timber Structures

Abstract

Introduction

Multi-scalar Modelling and Integrating Material Performance

New Design-to-Fabrication Frameworks

Multi-scalar Modelling

Modelling and Data Management

Prototyping and Fabrication

Demonstrator

Multi-scalar Modelling in Practice

3D Scanning

Conclusion and Future Work

Acknowledgements

References

Assessment of RANS Turbulence Models in Urban Environments: CFD Simulation of Airflow Around Idealized High-Rise Morphologies

Abstract

Introduction

Numerical Setup

Idealized Urban Canopy Case

Semi-Idealized High-Rise Building Case

Results and Discussion

Vertical and Spanwise Profiles of the Idealized Urban Canopy

Vertical Profiles of Mean Velocity Around the Semi-idealized High-Rise Morphologies

Comparison of Pressure Coefficient (CP) and TKE Contours

Summary

References

Automated Generation of Knit Patterns for Non-developable Surfaces

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Patching

Course Generation

Loop Generation

2D Knitting Pattern Generation

Results

Quarter Sphere

Four-Valent Node

Discussion and Outlook

Acknowledgements

References

Enlisting Clustering and Graph-Traversal Methods for Cutting Pattern and Net Topology Design in Pneumatic Hybrids

Abstract

Introduction

Motivation

Background and State-of-the-Art

Approaches to Cutting Pattern Generation

Mesh Representation and Treatments

Mesh Segmentation Methods

Methods

The k-Means Clustering and Graph-Traversal Approach

Results and Evaluation

Discussion and Limits

Conclusion and Further Work

Acknowledgements

References

Simulation and Real-Time Design Tools for an Emergent Design Strategy in Architecture

Abstract

Emergent Design in Morphodynamic Environments

Different/Citation

Complex Systems

CUDA Real-Time Simulation Tool for Designing in Dynamical Systems

Simulation Setup and Calibration

Non-linear Design and Reproducibility

Emergent Simulation Parameters

Identity Parameters of Emergent Wholes

Intensive Parameters of Fluids

Fluid Simulation Parameters

[E] Enzymatic Parameters

[A] Aggregation Parameters

Emergent Tendencies and Tidal Patterns

Evaluation and Outlook to Post-natural Ecologies

References

Robotic Fabrication Techniques for Material of Unknown Geometry

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Design Modelling and Performance Analysis

Real-Time Robotic Communication and Setup

Demonstrator Project

Results

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Locally Varied Auxetic Structures for Doubly-Curved Shapes

Abstract

Introduction

Related Works

Regular and Irregular Auxetic Structures

Global Variation: Two-Dimensional Deformation

Local Deformation—Global Variation

Local Variation—Three-Dimensional Deformation

Methodology

Creating an Auxetic Structure from a Mesh

Digital Workflow

Fabrication and Materiality

Conclusion

References

This Room Is Too Dark and the Shape Is Too Long: Quantifying Architectural Design to Predict Successful Spaces

Abstract

Introduction

The Challenge of Workplace Design

Related Work

Methodology

Data Collection

Input Variables

Success Metrics

Dimensionality Reduction

Model Selection

Support Vector Machines

Model Training

Results

Model Predictions

Discussion

Conclusion

References

Modelling and Representing Climatic Data in the Tropics: A Web Based Pilot Project for Colombia

Abstract

Introduction

Goals for Visualisation Tools

Impact

Background

Work-in-Progress

climaJSON

Climate Visualisation

Summary

Conclusions

References

Thermally Informed Bending: Relating Curvature to Heat Generation Through Infrared Sensing

Abstract

Introduction

Related Work

Process Overview

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Localised and Learnt Applications of Machine Learning for Robotic Incremental Sheet Forming

Abstract

Introduction

Background

Methods

Localised Method

Learnt Method

Results

Future Work

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Energy Efficient Design for 3D Printed Earth Architecture

Abstract

Introduction—3D Printing with Mud

Research Context

Simulation and Performance Monitoring

Performance Results

Structural Performance

Thermal Performance

Ventilation Performance

Daylight Performance

Full Scale Wall Prototype

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Ice Formwork for Ultra-High Performance Concrete: Simulation of Ice Melting Deformations

Abstract

Context—Fabrication of Complex Geometry in Concrete

A Strategy for Efficient Use of Ultra-High Performance Concrete in Architectural Constructions

A Strategy for Minimizing Formwork-Related Material Waste

Arriving to the Concept of Ice-Formwork

Research in the Material Science of Concrete

The Ice Machining Techniques—Imposing Geometry onto Ice

The Basic Types of Automated Methods of Processing Ice Shape

Arriving to the Concept of Simulation-Based Hybrid Method of Processing Ice

Underlying Physical Principles of Ice Melting in Saline Water Solution

A Preliminary Framework for Iterative Digital Simulation of Melting Deformations

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Toward a Spatial Model for Outdoor Thermal Comfort

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Identification of Parameters and Parameter Classes

Data Recording

Preliminary Analysis of Thermal Comfort Data

Single Variable Linear Regression and Best-Fit Curves

Analysis of Parameter Spatiality

Discussion

Future Outlook

Thermal Comfort as an Urban Design Tool

Thermal Comfort as an Urban Analysis Tool

Conclusions

References

Survey-Based Simulation of User Satisfaction for Generative Design in Architecture

Abstract

Introduction

A Humanist Design Approach

Measuring Performance

Office Design and Productivity

Quantification of Preference

Related Work

Adjacency

Work Style Preference

Methodology

Data Gathering

Designing Measures

Validation

Results

Conclusions

References

Navigating the Intangible Spatial-Data-Driven Design Modelling in Architecture

Abstract

Context

First Prototype

Data Capture

Data Visualization and Processing

Conclusion

References

Tailoring the Bending Behaviour of Material Patterns for the Induction of Double Curvature

Abstract

Introduction

Poisson’s Ratio and Its Influence on Curvature

Cellular Patterns

Auxetic Patterns

The Regular Honeycomb

The Zero Poisson Pattern

Bending and Its Effects on Gaussian Curvature

Methodology

Test Cases

Physical Prototyping

Numerical Simulation

Conclusions

References

Design of Space Truss Based Insulating Walls for Robotic Fabrication in Concrete

Abstract

Introduction

Masonry with Robotic Mortar Extrusion

Design Criteria

Grid Comparison

Results and Discussion

Acknowledgements

References

Collaborative Models for Design Computation and Form Finding—New Workflows in Versioning Design Processes

Abstract

Introduction

Background and Experiment

Initial Framework and Workflow Conventions

Process Development

Design System

Cloud-Based Data Transfers

Graphic Conventions

Process Management

Findings and Applications in Practice

Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Modelling Workflow Data, Collaboration and Dynamic Modelling Practice

Abstract

Introduction

Modelling Workflow

Cognitive Ecology

Case: IOC Façade Model

Modelling Ecology

Iterative Computation

Discussion: Collaborative Workflow and Cognitive Ecology

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Equilibrium-Aware Shape Design for Concrete Printing

Abstract

Motivation

Large Scale 3D Printing and Lack of Tools for Design Exploration

Compatibility of Funicular Structures and Concrete Printing

Objectives and Contributions

Related Work

Design Paradigm Aspects

Computational Aspects

Equilibrium of Soft-Rigid Material

Computational Framework

Synthesis of Task Graphs

Stability of Task Graphs

Procedural Shape Design

A Forward Approach to Synthesize Feasible Geometries

Fabrication Constraints

Interactivity

Static Equilibrium Model

Rigid-Block Equilibrium

Equilibrium Formulation

Soft-Rigid Body Equilibrium (SRBE)

Implementation

Contact Interfaces and Collisions

Results

Discussion and Future Work

Extension to 3D

Exploration of Design Space and Unification of Synthesis and Evaluation

Extension to Other Materials

Conclusions

References

Monolithic Earthen Shells Digital Fabrication: Hybrid Workflow

Abstract

Mud Shell Construction

Hybrid Workflow for Mud Shell Additive Manufacturing

Placement, Consolidation, and Finishing Loops

Case Studies

Next Steps for Mud Shell Digital Fabrication

Acknowledgements

References

Application of Machine Learning Within the Integrative Design and Fabrication of Robotic Rod Bending Processes

Abstract

Background

Introduction

Methods

Design Process

Fabrication Process (Toolheads and Software)

Machine Learning for Material Control

Results and Discussion

Final Note

Acknowledgements

References

Data and Design: Using Knowledge Generation/Visual Analytic Paradigms to Understand Mobile Social Media in Urban Design

Abstract

Introduction

First Approach: Problem Formation and Selective Data Acquisition

Second Approach: Large Scale Data and Selective Query

Third Approach: Interactive Visual Analytics and Large Data Sets

Future Work and Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Simulating Pedestrian Movement

Abstract

Introduction

Observing and Tracking Movement

Analysing Movement

Simulating the Movement of Individual Pedestrians

Conclusions

References

Structural Patterning of Surfaces

Abstract

Introduction

Background and Motivation

Designing with Patterns

Design Heuristics and Force Flow Interruption

Outline

Pattern Mapping and Isogeometric Analysis

Mapping Patterns

Isogeometric Analysis of Patterned Structures

Structural Patterning and Optimization

Pattern Operations and Workflow Integration

Design Parameters and Automatic Geometry Parametrization

Optimization

Conceptual Design Examples

Perforated Beam

Doubly Curved Shell

Conclusions

Future Perspectives

Closing Remark

Acknowledgements

References

Free-Form Wooden Structures: Parametric Optimization of Double-Curved Lattice Structures

Abstract

Introduction

A Subsection Sample

Design Development

Geometry

Structural Feasibility

Fabrication

Process Selection

Grain Orientation

Material Selection

Design Workflow

Approach

Implementation

Conclusion

References

The Mere Exposure Effect in Architecture

Abstract

Theory

Introduction

The Problem: Schelling’s Model of Segregation

The Solution: Mere Exposure Effect

Understanding the Impact of Circulation

The Foundation of the Design Modeling Tool

Development of a Computational Tool

Analyzing the Texas Donut, a Multifamily Model

Using the Tool

Models from Other Architects

Conclusion

References

[Kak-Tos]: A Tool for Optimizing Conceptual Mass Design and Orientation for Rainwater Harvesting Facades

Abstract

Introduction

Tool Logic

Tool Analysis

Implementation

Conclusion

References

Redundancy and Resilience in Reciprocal Systems

Abstract

Introduction

Redundancy: A Topological Approach

Graph Notation

From Directed Graphs to Interlocking Element Geometry

Redundancy and First Construction

Two Closely Related Constructions

Experimentation Phase

Geometry Definition

Tolerance and Play

Test Definition

Results

Observations and Qualitative Results

Quantitative Results

Exploitation of the Results: Failure Graphs

Conclusion

References

Negotiating Sound Performance and Advanced Manufacturing in Complex Architectural Design Modelling

Abstract

Introduction

General Framework

Overall Geometric Exploration

Aesthetic and Brief Requirements

Acoustic Requirements

Tectonic System

Materiality

Metal Cells

Oculus

Fabrication System

5-1-Geometric Tessellation

Construction and Folding Methods

Oculi Fabrication

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Pneu and Shell: Constructing Free-Form Concrete Shells with a Pneumatic Formwork

Abstract

Introduction

Research Objective

Methodology

Applied Computational Workflow

Suspended Model

Inflated Model

Finite Element Analysis

Pneumatic Restraint Cast (PneuReCa)

Prototype

Pneuform

Reinforcement

Concrete

Discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

A Computational Approach to Methodologies of Landscape Design

Abstract

Introduction

Towards an Integrated Urban—Natural Model Through Computation

The Local Eco-Region Model

Shanghai Case Study: Guannong Park

Proposed Methodology

Stage 1—Mapping: Guannong Park Digital Model

Stage 2: Site Analysis

Planting Analysis

Environmental Simulation: Solar Incidence, Wind Flow and Water Runoffs

Stage 3: Data Overlay

Stage 4 Eco-Modeling: From Micro-Climates to Eco-Climates. A Parametric Modelling Approach to Landscape Design

Conclusions

References

Design Tools and Workflows for Braided Structures

Abstract

Introduction—Context, Motivation and Objectives

Braid Representation Method

Design Workflows

Workflow 1: Modelling Target Geometries

Workflow 2: Generating Fabrication Instructions

Workflow 3: Analysing Mechanical Properties

Workflow 4: Generative Design

Evaluation

Conclusion and Further Work

Acknowledgements

References

Author Index

446795_1_En_56_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf

Erratum to: Humanizing Digital Reality

Erratum to: K. De Rycke et al., Humanizing Digital Reality, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6611-5

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