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Preface
6
Contents
8
Contributors
13
1 Water Soluble Poly(.uorene) Homopolymers and Copolymers for Chemical and Biological Sensors
16
1.1 Introduction
16
1.2 General Structures and Properties
17
1.3 Signal Transduction Mechanisms in Sensors
24
1.4 Chemo- and Biosensor Applications
30
1.5 Heterogeneous Platforms
46
1.6 Summary and Outlook
47
References
49
2 Polyelectrolyte-Based Fluorescent Sensors
53
2.1 General Introduction
53
2.2 Enzyme Activity Assays
58
2.3 Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Surface-Grafted Colloids
68
2.4 Summary and Conclusions
71
References
72
3 Structurally Integrated Photoluminescent Chemical and Biological Sensors: An Organic Light-Emitting Diode-Based Platform
75
3.1 Introduction
75
3.2 Single Analyte Monitoring
78
3.3 Advanced Sensor Arrays
95
3.4 Future Directions
104
3.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks
106
References
106
4 Lab-on-a-Chip Devices with Organic Semiconductor-Based Optical Detection
111
4.1 Introduction
111
4.2 Fabrication
117
4.3 Functional Optical Components
130
4.4 Applications
140
4.5 Conclusions and Outlook
151
References
153
5 Solid-State Chemosensitive Organic Devices for Vapor-Phase Detection
155
5.1 Introduction
155
5.2 Survey of State-of-the-Art Vapor-Phase Solid-State Chemosensing Organic Devices
156
5.3 Recent Advances
174
References
194
6 Detection of Chemical and Physical Parameters by Means of Organic Field-Effect Transistors
199
6.1 Introduction
199
6.2 An Overview of Organic Field-E.ect Sensors
200
6.3 (Bio)chemosensing in Solution
202
6.4 Strain and Pressure Sensors
207
6.5 Design and Technology of Organic Field-Effect Sensors
216
6.6 Applications for Organic Field-Effect Sensors
219
6.7 Conclusions
224
References
224
7 Performance Requirements and Mechanistic Analysis of Organic Transistor-Based Phosphonate Gas Sensors
227
7.1 Overview of Electronic Sensors for Chemical Vapors and Warfare Agents
227
7.2 Organic Semiconductor Transistor Sensors
230
7.3 Testing Environments for Prototype Sensing Elements
233
7.4 Electrical Test Procedures
239
7.5 Responses of Functionalized Organic Semiconductors to DMMP
242
7.6 Data Analysis
248
7.7 Sensing Mechanisms and OFET Models
253
7.8 Summary and Outlook
256
References
257
8 Electrochemical Transistors for Applications in Chemical and Biological Sensing
259
8.1 Introduction
259
8.2 Sensors Based on Electrochemical Transistors
261
8.3 Recent advances in Design and Fabrication of Eletrochemical Transistors
272
8.4 Summary and Future Directions
274
References
275
9 PEDOT:PSS-Based Electrochemical Transistors for Ion-to-Electron Transduction and Sensor Signal Amplification
276
9.1 The PEDOT:PSS-Based Electrochemical Organic Thin Film Transistor
276
9.2 The PEDOT:PSS OECT as an Ion-to-Electron Transducer
282
9.3 The PEDOT:PSS Electrochemical transistor in logic and amplification circuits
285
9.4 Outlook
291
References
292
Index
294
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