Cooperative Work and Coordinative Practices - Contributions to the Conceptual Foundations of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)

Preface

Acknowledgments

Contents

Part I Progress Report

1 Cooperative Work and Coordinative Practices

1 The Road to CSCW

2 The Concept of Cooperative Work: The Mundane Case of Moving

3 Strategic Distinctions

4 Coordinative Practices: From 'Coordination Mechanisms' to 'Ordering Systems'

4.1 Coordination Mechanisms in Practice

4.2 Understanding Computational Coordination Mechanisms

4.3 Coordination Mechanisms Reconsidered

4.4 Ordering Systems

5 CSCW's Radical Program

6 For Lack of a Conclusion

Part II Surveying the Connections

2 Riding a Tiger, or Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (1991)

1 The Emergent Nature of Cooperative Work

2 The Dialectics of Cooperative Work

3 The Precarious Use of Models in CSCW

3 Taking CSCW Seriously: Supporting Articulation Work (1992)

1 Some Background

2 A Conceptualization of CSCW

2.1 The Approach of CSCW: Computer Support

2.2 The Scope of CSCW: Cooperative Work

2.2.1 The Nature of Cooperative Work

2.2.2 The Rich Diversity of Cooperative Work

2.2.3 Articulation Work

2.3 Why CSCW Now?

3 Supporting Articulation Work

3.1 Supporting the Management of Workflows

3.2 Supporting the Management of a Common Information Space

3.2.1 The Role of Interpretation Work

3.2.2 The Distributed Nature of Cooperative Work

4 Conclusion

4 The Organization of Cooperative Work (1994)

Beyond the ‘Leviathan’ Conception of the Organizationof CooperativeWork

1 The Problem

2 The 'Leviathan' Approach to Organizational Theory

2.1 Commons

2.2 Coase

2.3 Williamson

3 Critique of the 'Leviathan' Approach

4 Beyond the 'Leviathan' Approach

4.1 Perspectives of a 'Cooperative Work' Approach to Organizational Theory

4.1.1 Cooperative Work Arrangement

4.1.2 Work Organization

4.1.3 Formal Organization

4.1.4 Firm, Network…

5 Conclusions

5 Coordination Mechanisms (1996)

Towards a Conceptual Foundation of CSCW SystemsDesign

1 The Issue of Articulation Work

2 The Complexity of Articulation Work

3 Coordination Mechanisms: Evidence and Concept

3.1 Coordination Mechanisms: The Protocol

3.2 Coordination Mechanisms: The Artifact

3.3 Coordination Mechanisms: Alignment

4 Computational Coordination Mechanisms

4.1 Malleability

4.2 Linkability

5 In lieu of a Conclusion: The Ariadne Notation

6 Of Maps and Scripts (1997)

The Status of Formal Constructs in Cooperative Work

1 Determining the Meaning of Formal Constructs

2 The Problem of Generalization

3 Maps and Scripts

4 The Crucial Role of Artifacts

5 Conclusions

7 The Critical Role of Workplace Studies in CSCW (2000)

8 The Problem with 'Awareness' (2002)

9 Remarks on the Complexity of Cooperative Work (2002)

1 The Puzzle of 'Cooperative Work'

2 Taking Serious Work Seriously

3 The Problematic Concept of Complexity

4 A Systemic Conception of Cooperative Work

5 The Complexities of the Common Field of Work

6 The Complexities of the Cooperative Work Arrangement

7 The Complexities of Articulation Work

10 Ordering Systems (2004)

Coordinative Practices and Artifacts in ArchitecturalDesign and Planning

1 Introduction

2 The Complexity of Architectural Work

3 A Plethora of Representational Artifacts

3.1 Conceptual Visualizations

3.2 The System of CAD Plans and Drawings

3.3 And so on…

3.4 Representational Artifacts as Objectifications

3.5 Notations: Standard and ad hoc

4 Coordinative Practices and Artifacts

4.1 Plan Identification

4.2 The Plan Identification Code and Circulation List

4.3 The CAD Layer Organization

4.4 The Component Catalogue

4.5 The Detail Drawings: The Identification Code and List

4.6 The Binder System

5 The Clustering of Coordinative Practices

6 Interlude: The Specificity of Coordinative Practices

6.1 The Intellectualist Legend

6.2 Practices of Categorization and Classification

6.3 Technologies of The Intellect

6.4 'Crude Written Techniques' As Members' Practices

7 The Economy of Ordering Systems

8 The Challenge of Ordering Systems For CSCW

Part III CSCW Reconsidered

11 Formation and Fragmentation

1 Cornerstones: The Concepts of 'Practice' and 'Technology'

2 Computing Technologies and Cooperative Work

2.1 Division of Labor: Progressive Forms of Work Organization

2.2 Machinery: The Issue of the Control Function

2.3 The Universal Control System: The Stored-Program Computer

2.4 Origins of Computing Technologies in Cooperative Work

2.4.1 Division of 'Mental Labor'

2.4.2 Mechanization of 'Mental Labor'

2.5 Facilitation of Cooperative Work: Real-Time Computing

2.5.1 Project Whirlwind

2.5.2 The Whirlwind Legacy

2.5.3 Interactive Computing

2.5.4 The Arrested Growth of Interactive Computing

2.5.5 Interactive Computing and the Cybernetic Notion of 'Human-Computer System'

2.6 Facilitation of Articulation Work: Computer-Mediated Communications

3 The Formation of CSCW

3.1 Proto-CSCW: 'Computer-Mediated Communications'

3.2 The Crisis of the Message-Handling Paradigm

3.3 Automation of Articulation Work: 'Office Automation'

3.4 The CSCW Research Program

3.5 Technology and Ethnography: An 'Odd Mix'?

4 Accomplishments and Shortcomings

4.1 Ethnography and Technology: A 'Big Discrepancy'?

4.2 The Case of 'Awareness Engines'

4.3 Logics of Fragmentation

12 Frail Foundations

1 Suchman vs. Cognitivism

1.1 Suchman's Strategy

1.2 Counter-Cognitivism

1.3 Transcendental Judgments

1.4 Regularity and Normativity

2 Work and Interpretation Work

2.1 Garfinkel (Mis)interpreted

2.2 Sources of the Interpretation Myth in Sociology

3 The Consequences of Counter-Cognitivism

4 The Problem of Computational Artifacts

13 Dispelling the Mythology of Computational Artifacts

1 Computational Artifacts, or Wittgenstein vs. Turing

1.1 Foundations Lost

1.2 Turing's Ambiguous Machine

1.3 Conceptions of the 'Mechanical'

2 Room for CSCW

3 The Practical Inexorability of CSCW

References

Index