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Protected Land - Disturbance, Stress, and American Ecosystem Management
von: Douglas J. Spieles
Springer-Verlag, 2010
ISBN: 9781441968135 , 166 Seiten
Format: PDF, OL
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen
Preis: 96,29 EUR
Preface
6
References
8
Acknowledgments
10
Contents
12
Chapter 1: Four Ecosystems, Four Questions
16
Oak Openings, Ohio
16
Kissimmee River, Florida
19
Tallgrass Prairie, Kansas
21
Six Rivers National Forest, California
23
Four Questions
26
References
27
Chapter 2: The Ecosystem Idea and Ideal
30
Preservation, Conservation, and Ecology
30
Gleason and Individualism
35
Leopoldian Preservation and Conservation
36
Hutchinson, Holism, and Individualism
38
The New Ecology
40
Preservation of the Ideal
42
Toward an Ecosystem Approach to Management
44
References
46
Chapter 3: A Thing is Right
49
The Adaptive Cycle
49
Diversity, Stability, Health and Integrity
52
Diversity
52
Ecosystem Services
53
The Stable Equilibrium
54
Ecosystem Health
56
Ecological Integrity
58
Stability, Health and Integrity in Perspective
61
References
63
Chapter 4: Disturbance, Stress and Resilience
66
Disturbance
67
Disturbance and Stress
68
Disturbance Characteristics
70
Disturbance and Diversity
71
Resilience
74
Complications of Stress
77
References
79
Chapter 5: Invasion
81
Colonization and Succession
82
Factors of Colonization
83
Nonnative Invaders
84
Passengers and Drivers
87
Ecosystem Function and Service
88
Ecosystem Services and Invasion
89
Eradication
91
A Conservation Dilemma
92
References
93
Chapter 6: Very Small Ecosystems
96
Microbial Ecosystems
97
Biofilms as Model Ecosystems
100
Biofilms as Patches
103
Micro- and Macro-Ecosystems
105
References
106
Chapter 7: Forested Ecosystems
107
The Forest Sanctuary
108
Management of Corkscrew Swamp
110
The Monongahela Experiment
112
Wilderness Management
115
Healthy Forests
117
Unmanaged Forest Succession
118
References
120
Chapter 8: Grassland Ecosystems
122
Grasslands, Short and Tall
122
Curtis Prairie
123
The National Grasslands
125
Prairie Restoration and Umbrella Species
129
Land Trust Grasslands
132
References
133
Chapter 9: Freshwater Ecosystems
135
Wetlands
135
Wetland Creation and Restoration
137
Lakes
140
Alternate States and Desirability
142
Rivers
143
River Restoration and Response
146
References
147
Chapter 10: Saltwater Ecosystems
149
Intertidal Ecosystems
150
Salt Marsh Dieback and Restoration
151
Subtidal Ecosystems
153
Artificial Reefs
155
Deeper Water
156
References
159
Chapter 11: Protecting the Shifting Quilt
161
Holism, Strong and Weak
163
The Four Horsemen Revisited
164
Along the Continuum
165
Protecting the Shifting Quilt
167
References
168
Index
169
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