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Anxiety Disorders - A Pocket Guide For Primary Care
von: John Vanin, James Helsley
Humana Press, 2008
ISBN: 9781597452632 , 266 Seiten
Format: PDF, OL
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen
Preis: 53,49 EUR
Series Editor’s Introduction
6
Foreword
8
Preface
10
Acknowledgments
14
Table of Contents
16
Contributors
18
Overview of Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders
19
Anxiety Disorders
21
Biopsychosocial Factors
24
Understanding Fear And Anxiety
25
Anxiety: Neurons And Neurochemistry
27
How A Neuron Works
28
Serotonin System
28
Norepinephrine (Noradrenergic) System
28
gama-Aminobutyric Acid
29
Treatment Of Anxiety Disorders
29
History of Treatment
29
Primary Care Assessment
29
Treatment Modalities
30
Psychotherapy
31
Pharmacotherapy
31
Education
32
Principles of Psychopharmacotherapy
32
When to Seek Assistance from a Mental Health Professional
33
References
35
Brief Psychiatric History and Mental Status Examination
37
Evaluating Anxiety Disorders
37
Diagnosis of Anxiety Disorders
38
Screening for Anxiety Disorders
41
Anxiety Disorders and General Medical Disorders
44
Brief Psychiatric Evaluation
45
Psychiatric History
47
Anxiety Disorder Screening Instruments
48
Primary Care Psychiatric Evaluation Guideline (PCPEG)
51
Chief Complaint/Reason for Evaluation
51
History of Present Illness
51
Past History
51
Current Medications
52
Allergies
52
Substance Use
52
Personal/Social History
52
Family History
52
Review of Systems
52
Physical Examination
52
Mental Status Examination
53
Functional Assessment/Differential Diagnosis
53
Treatment Plan
53
References
54
Psychopharmacology
57
Neurotransmitters
58
Receptors
59
Serotonergic System
59
Serotonin Receptors
60
Noradrenergic System
61
Dopaminergic System
61
Cholinergic System
62
Gabaergic System
63
Glutamatergic System
63
Neuropeptides
64
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
65
Pharmacokinetics
66
Absorption
67
Distribution
73
Metabolism
74
Elimination
74
Multiple Dosing and Steady State
75
Pharmacodynamics
76
Tolerance
77
Dose-Effect Relationship Variability
77
Summary
79
References
79
Psychopharmacotherapy
81
History of Anxiolytics
81
Treatment
83
Pharmacotherapy
84
Antidepressants
84
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
84
Pregnancy and Lactation
96
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
99
Benzodiazepines
102
Clinical Characteristics
104
Mechanism of Action
105
Pharmacokinetics
106
Adverse Effects
107
Drug Interactions
107
Tolerance
108
Physical Dependence, Discontinuation, and Abuse
108
Pregnancy
110
Azapirones: Buspirone
113
Action
114
Pharmacokinetics
114
Clinical Use
115
Adverse Effects
115
Tricyclic Antidepressants
116
Pharmacokinetics
117
Clinical Use
118
Adverse Effects and Risks
118
Metabolism and Drug Interactions
120
Pregnancy and Lactation
121
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
121
Use in Anxiety Disorders
122
Side Effects and Interactions
122
Hydroxyzine
123
Adverse Effects
124
Other Medications for Common Anxiety Disorders
124
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
124
Social Anxiety Disorder
125
Panic Disorder
125
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
125
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
125
Summary
126
References
126
Psychotherapy
131
Psychotherapeutic Approaches
132
Insight-Oriented Psychotherapy
132
Person-Centered Psychotherapy
132
Behavior Therapy
133
Cognitive Therapy
133
Efficacy and Effectiveness of Psychotherapy in Treating Anxiety Disorders
133
Cognitive Behavior Therapy Approach for Treating Anxiety Disorders
138
Evaluation and Education
138
Skills Acquisition
139
Exposure Therapy
140
Collaboration Between Primary Care practitioners And Psychotherapists
141
Making the Referral
142
Medication Management
142
Monitoring Progress in Psychotherapy
143
Summary
145
References
146
Adjustment Disorder with Anxiety
147
Associated Features
148
Epidemiology
149
Course and Prognosis
149
Etiology
149
Differential Diagnosis
150
Treatment
150
Summary
152
References
152
Panic Disorder
153
Definition
153
Incidence and Prevalence
153
Further History: Important Areas to Consider During the Workup
155
Diagnosis
155
Agoraphobia
156
Etiology Theories
156
Neurobiology
157
Treatment
157
Medication
158
Benzodiazepines
158
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
158
Other Medication Treatments
159
Further Drug Considerations
159
General Considerations of Treatment
161
Benzodiazepine Abuse Potential
161
Comorbidity
161
Treatment Compliance
162
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
162
Summary
164
References
164
Specific Phobia
167
Associated Features
169
Epidemiology
169
Onset
169
Etiology
170
Treatment
172
Therapy
172
Pharmacotherapy
173
Summary
174
References
174
Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder)
177
Definition
177
Diagnosis
177
Avoidant Personality Disorder
179
Treatment
179
Psychotherapy
179
Pharmacological Treatment
179
SSRIs/SNRIs
179
Benzodiazepines
180
Other Pharmacological Therapy
181
Beta-Blockers
181
Buspirone
181
Atypical Antipsychotics
182
Tricyclic Antidepressants
182
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
182
References
184
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
185
Definition
185
Diagnosis
186
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
187
Treatment
188
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
188
Medical Therapy
188
Benzodiazepines
188
Newer Therapeutic Approaches
189
References
191
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
193
Definition
193
Comorbidity
193
Neurobiology
195
Acute Stress Disorder
195
Treatment
196
Psychopharmacology
196
Psychotherapeutic Interventions
197
Psychoeducation and Support
197
References
198
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
201
Definition
201
Etiology
202
Evaluation
203
Rating Scales
203
Medical Disorders
203
Substance Abuse
204
Comorbidity
204
Treatment
204
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
204
Pharmacotherapy
205
Benzodiazepines
205
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
205
Buspirone
207
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
207
Tricyclic Antidepressants
207
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
208
Other Treatments
208
References
210
Anxiety Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition
213
Definition
214
Common Medical Conditions Associated With Anxiety
214
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
214
Asthma
215
Medication-Related Anxiety in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/Asthma
216
Heart Disease
216
Hyperthyroidism
219
Dietary Intake
219
Cancer
220
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
221
References
224
Anxiety Disorders and Comorbidities
227
History
227
Anxiety Disorders With Comorbid Depression
228
Risk Factors For Anxiety Disorders and Depression
229
Treatment of Anxiety Disorders and Depression
230
Treatment of Anxiety Disorders with Comorbid Depression
231
Anxiety Disorders and Comorbid Bipolar Disorder
232
Mood Stabilization
233
Anxiety Disorders and Comorbid Adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
233
Anxiety Disorders and Comorbid Personality Disorders
234
Definitions of Each Personality Disorder as Listed In The DSM-IV-TR
235
Anxiety Disorders and Comorbid substance Abuse
236
References
237
Geriatric Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders
239
Pharmacokinetics and Aging
240
Differential Diagnoses in Geriatric Anxiety
243
Depression in the Elderly
243
Dementia
244
Delirium
246
Treatment
247
Medication Compliance
247
Medical Therapy
248
Benzodiazepines
248
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
248
Tricyclic Antidepressants
252
Other Medication Treatment Options
252
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
254
References
259
Anxiety Disorders Resources
261
Glossary
265
Index
277
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