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Computational Fluid Dynamics for Sport Simulation
von: Martin Peters
Springer-Verlag, 2009
ISBN: 9783642044663 , 134 Seiten
Format: PDF, OL
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen
Preis: 103,52 EUR
Preface
5
Contents
8
Contributors
9
Numerical Models and Simulations in Sailing Yacht Design
11
1 Sailing Yacht Design
11
1.1 Performance Evaluation
12
1.2 Yacht Appendages
15
1.3 Physics of Downwind Sailing
15
2 Mathematical Model
18
2.1 Flow Equations
18
2.2 Rigid-Body Fluid/Structure Interaction
21
2.3 Wind–Sails Interaction
22
2.3.1 Modelling the Sail Structure
23
2.3.2 Fluid–Structure Coupling Algorithm
25
2.3.3 Pressure Relaxation
26
3 Mesh Generation and Mesh Motion
27
3.1 Block-Structured Mesh for Hydrodynamic Studies
27
3.2 Mesh Handling in Wind/Sails Interaction
29
4 Numerical Results
30
4.1 Advances in Appendage Design
31
4.2 Free-Surface Simulations
34
4.3 Fluid–Structure Interaction for Downwind Sails
37
5 Conclusions
40
References
40
Swimming Simulation: A New Tool for Swimming Research and Practical Applications
42
1 Introduction
42
2 Areas of Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics
43
3 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Biological Systems
44
3.1 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Birds/Insects
44
3.2 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Fishes
46
4 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Human Beings
47
4.1 Terrestrial Locomotion
47
4.2 Aquatic Locomotion
47
5 Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Competitive Swimming
48
5.1 Experimental vs. Numerical Data
48
5.2 Segmental Propulsion
50
5.2.1 Variation of Drag and Lift According to Angle of Attack
50
5.2.2 Relative Contribution of Drag and Lift to Propulsion
52
5.2.3 Studies with Unsteady Flows
54
5.2.4 Contribution of Arm's Action to Propulsion
55
5.2.5 Contribution of Leg's Action and Kicking to Propulsion
56
5.2.6 Finger's Positions
56
5.3 Drag
60
5.3.1 Kicking after Start and Turn
60
5.3.2 Gliding Positions
61
5.3.3 Drafting
62
5.3.4 Relative Contribution of Drag Components to Total Drag
63
5.3.5 Swimsuits and Training Equipments
65
6 Computational Fluid Dynamics Methods Contribution for Near Future Development of Swimming Science
66
7 Conclusions
67
References
67
On CFD Simulation of Ski Jumping
71
1 Introduction
71
2 Geometric Simulation of a Ski Jumper
74
3 Numerical Results
78
3.1 The Flow Solver
78
3.2 Euler Calculation
78
3.3 Navier-Stokes Calculation
81
4 A Ski Jumper in Flight
82
5 A Proposal for New Ski Design
84
6 Concluding Remarks
86
References
90
Soccer Ball Aerodynamics
91
1 Introduction
91
2 Basics of Sports Ball Aerodynamics
92
2.1 Basic Definitions
92
2.2 Boundary Layers
93
2.3 Boundary Layer Separation and Drag
93
2.4 The Magnus Effect
95
3 Soccer Ball Aerodynamics
96
4 Measurement and Analysis Methods
97
5 CFD of Soccer Balls: The Nature of Erratic Flight
98
5.1 Introduction
99
5.2 Establishing the Method
100
5.3 Soccer Ball Analysis
102
5.3.1 Set-up
102
5.3.2 Drag Results
102
5.3.3 Variation with Orientation
105
5.3.4 Effects on Trajectory
107
5.3.5 Factors Affecting the Trajectory
108
5.4 Conclusions
109
References
110
Aerodynamics of an Australian Rules Foot Ball and Rugby Ball
111
Nomenclature
111
1 Introduction
112
2 Experimental Procedure and Equipment
113
2.1 Description of Balls
113
2.2 Experimental Set Up and Equipment
114
3 Computational Fluid Dynamics Models and Computational Procedure
116
4 Results and Discussion
118
4.1 Experimental Results
118
4.2 Computational (CFD) Results
122
4.2.1 Rugby Ball
122
4.2.2 Australian Football League Football
123
5 General Discussion
131
6 Concluding Remarks
134
7 Recommendations for Further Work
134
References
135
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